An Investigation of Barriers to Effective Phototherapy Use for Neonatal Jaundice in Katsina State
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Background of the Study
Neonatal jaundice is a common condition affecting newborns, with severe cases leading to kernicterus and long-term neurological damage if left untreated (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). Phototherapy remains the most effective non-invasive treatment for neonatal jaundice, as it helps break down excess bilirubin in the blood (UNICEF, 2024). However, despite its effectiveness, the utilization of phototherapy in many healthcare facilities in Nigeria, including those in Katsina State, is often suboptimal due to various logistical, technical, and cultural barriers (Adepoju et al., 2024).
Several studies have identified barriers to phototherapy use, including inadequate equipment, erratic power supply, limited healthcare worker knowledge, and caregiver reluctance due to misconceptions about phototherapy's safety (Oladele & Yusuf, 2024). In Katsina State, where neonatal mortality remains high, addressing these barriers is critical to improving the management of neonatal jaundice and reducing preventable infant deaths (Bello & Musa, 2024).
This study aims to investigate the barriers to effective phototherapy use for neonatal jaundice in Katsina State hospitals and recommend strategies to enhance its utilization.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the availability of phototherapy devices in many hospitals in Katsina State, neonatal jaundice remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality (Ibrahim & Hassan, 2024). Many healthcare facilities struggle with inconsistent access to functional phototherapy units, while some healthcare providers lack adequate training on proper phototherapy administration (Muhammad et al., 2024). Additionally, cultural and religious beliefs influence caregivers' willingness to consent to phototherapy, leading to delays in treatment (Ogunleye et al., 2024).
This study seeks to examine the factors impeding effective phototherapy use in Katsina State hospitals and propose solutions to improve neonatal care outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
- To identify the logistical and infrastructural barriers to effective phototherapy use in Katsina State hospitals.
- To assess healthcare providers’ knowledge and attitudes toward phototherapy administration.
- To evaluate caregivers’ perceptions of phototherapy and its impact on treatment compliance.
Research Questions
- What logistical and infrastructural challenges hinder effective phototherapy use in Katsina State hospitals?
- How knowledgeable are healthcare providers about phototherapy administration for neonatal jaundice?
- What are the common misconceptions and cultural beliefs affecting caregivers' acceptance of phototherapy?
Research Hypotheses
- Logistical and infrastructural deficiencies significantly hinder effective phototherapy use in Katsina State hospitals.
- Healthcare providers' limited knowledge negatively impacts proper phototherapy administration.
- Caregiver misconceptions about phototherapy contribute to low treatment adherence for neonatal jaundice.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on hospitals in Katsina State offering neonatal jaundice treatment. Limitations may include variations in phototherapy access across healthcare facilities.
Definitions of Terms
- Phototherapy: A treatment for neonatal jaundice that uses light to break down bilirubin in the infant’s blood.
- Neonatal Jaundice: A condition characterized by yellowing of a newborn’s skin due to high bilirubin levels.
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